Alternativas de fertilización en la producción de semillas de cebolla (Allium cepa, L.)

Abstract

With the objective of evaluating the influence of fertilization (mineral, organic and biological) on the production of onion seed cultivar Caribe 71 in the climate and soil conditions of the Majibacoa municipality in Las Tunas, an investigation was carried out under field conditions on a soft brown carbonated soil. The experiments were set up with a randomized arrangement with five treatments and three replicates. The treatments used were absolute control, NPK, cow manure, mycorrhizae, and mycorrhizae+ cow manure. For biological measurements, a total of 30 plants were taken per treatment, which were initially identified. The variables studied were plant height, number of floral stems, Umbels, flowers and seeds per plant, dry weight of 1000 seeds, and agricultural yield (kg ha^-1). The results obtained showed efficient production of Caribe 71 onion seeds with the use of 10 t ha-1 of cattle manure + mycorrhizae. In this treatment, the best results were achieved in the parameters evaluated, with no differences with the treatment with NPK. The results obtained demonstrate that with this combination in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Majibacoa for this cultivar the application of chemical fertilizers can be replaced, which has a positive impact on soil conservation, human health and contributes to the country's economy through import substitution.