Evaluation of Phytophthora palmivora (Butl) to 20 cocoa genotypes
Keywords:
Phytophthora palmivora, disease, ears, pathogen, sporesAbstract
The objective of this article is to determine the response to Phytophthora palmivora of 20 cocoa genotypes from the Germplasm Bank of the Instituto de Investigaciones Agroforestales (INAF) UCTB Baracoa, in the period from January to April 2021. A completely randomized design with 10 replications was used. Initially, cobs affected by the disease were collected in the field, transferred to the laboratory and small portions of them were sown in petri dishes with Agar V8 culture medium, traditionally used for the growth of this pathogen; After 20 days, the inoculum was prepared and 10 healthy fruits of each accession were infested under field conditions (attached to the plants), to which two filter paper discs were placed, immersed in the previously shaken spore suspension, on opposite sides of the "equator" of the fruit (above and below the center of the fruit), and protected for a period of 10 days, inside a semitransparent nylon bag, with a cotton swab moistened in 50 ml of distilled water. Qualitative results showed that 45% of the cultivars were resistant, 5% moderately resistant, 20% moderately susceptible and 30% susceptible to Phytophthora palmivora (Butl) Butl. Disease severity was very high, completely destroying the inoculated fruits of 91% of the susceptible accessions.
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