Anthropometric characteristics of flat feet in school children with endomorphic somatotype in Las Tunas.

Abstract

Functional alterations of the foot have repercussions on gait, causing alterations in the axes that on many occasions lead to injuries and misalignments of the body. Body weight has been pointed out as an external factor that influences the development of the lower limbs in children. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with the objective of determining the behavior of flat feet in school children with endomorphic somatotype in the municipality of Las Tunas. The universe was constituted by overweight and obese schoolchildren who study at the Rafael Martinez Martinez seminternate. As a procedure to determine the plantar footprint, the podogram was used: by the impression of the footprint of the feet and for its analysis, the method of Hernández Corvo (1989) was applied; to determine the endomorphic somatotype, anthropometric techniques and the Heath-Carter equation (1975) were used. Of the schoolchildren studied, 53.0% were female and 47.0% were male, and 54.86% presented flat feet. The right flatfoot was predominant in the female sex with 35 students for 57.6% and in the same way the female sex was predominant in the left flatfoot with 29 students representing 51.8%. The results obtained in the scientific investigation confirmed the predominance of the endomorph somatotype in the female sex in the population studied, with the highest incidence of flat feet in both the right and left foot.