System of psycho-socio-educational actions for the prevention of suicidal behavior in adolescents from the perspective of school culture and an intersectoral approach

Abstract

Suicidal behavior is a highly lethal social problem, which has been studied by different sciences such as psychology, sociology, ethnography, and to a lesser extent educational sciences, with the purpose of developing preventive activity and achieving a better personal growth in those individuals prone to such behavior. Despite the results obtained in various studies, there are still shortcomings from the socio-psychoeducational perspective, where the school culture is an intermediary in this direction with an intersectoral and interdisciplinary approach, capable of improving the quality of life of those individuals with suicidal ideation. In this sense, the authors have proposed as an objective the implementation of a system of psycho-socio-educational actions for the prevention of suicidal behavior in adolescents, from the perspective of the school culture and the intersectoral approach. For its development, a concrete investigation was carried out in five students from the “Oscar Mateo López” elementary school in the municipality of San Luis, Santiago de Cuba with presuicidal manifestations in their behavior. The unity of action between the school, the family and the community allowed favorable final results for their mental health in these students by raising their self-esteem in addition to achieving an adequate meaning to their lives. This is an issue of great relevance today because it constitutes one of the causes of death at this stage of life, where it is necessary to provide care from the school context, in relation to clinical, family and community care.