Educación emocional del docente de la enseñanza primaria: estrategia metodológica para la
formación continua
Yadira Miraldea Hernández
Flavia Antonia Rodríguez Betancourt
Osiel Cruz Gutierrez
Volumen: 18
Recepción: 15/03/2026
Número: 3
Trimestre: julio-septiembre
Aprobado: 15/09/2026
Año: 2026
Artículo original
Palabras clave: educación emocional, competencias emocionales, formación continua,
desarrollo profesional docente, enseñanza primaria.
Abstract
Emotional education constitutes a structural axis in contemporary teacher
professionalization, particularly in primary education, where affective processes directly
influence cognitive learning and school climate. The study aimed to provide a theoretical
foundation and design a methodological strategy aimed at strengthening the emotional
competencies of primary school teachers within the framework of continuing education.
A mixed-methods approach with a qualitative predominance was adopted. The
population consisted of eight fourth-grade teachers from a Cuban educational institution,
from whom six (75%) were intentionally selected after meeting inclusion criteria
(minimum five years of experience, higher education degree, and informed consent).
The study was conducted between September 2023 and February 2024. Theoretical
methods (analysis-synthesis, induction-deduction, historical-logical, and systemic-
structural), empirical methods (structured observation, Likert-type survey, semi-
structured interview, documentary analysis), and statistical methods (descriptive
statistics) were employed. The nominal group technique with 10 independent specialists
was used for strategy validation. The diagnostic assessment revealed insufficient
theoretical-methodological preparation for integrating emotional education into
pedagogical practice, with limitations in the cognitive (conceptual mastery) and
methodological (planning of socioemotional actions) dimensions. The designed strategy
was structured into four phases (planning, organization, implementation, and control-
improvement) and was validated by specialists with agreement levels between 90% and
100% regarding coherence, novelty, rigor, feasibility, and relevance. It is concluded that
emotional education should be conceived as a cross-cutting axis of teacher professional
development and an essential component of educational transformation.
Key words: emotional education, emotional competencies, continuing education,
teacher professional development, primary education.
Introducción
Las transformaciones sociales contemporáneas han reconfigurado las demandas hacia
el sistema educativo, situando el desarrollo socioemocional como condición
indispensable para el aprendizaje significativo y la convivencia escolar. En este
contexto, la educación emocional emerge como una dimensión estructurante del
ejercicio profesional docente.
Desde la perspectiva de Bisquerra (2013), la educación emocional se define como un
proceso educativo permanente orientado al desarrollo de competencias que favorecen
el bienestar personal y social, integrando conciencia emocional, regulación, autonomía,
competencia social y habilidades para la vida. En la enseñanza primaria, etapa
caracterizada por alta plasticidad socioafectiva, el docente desempeña un papel
modelador decisivo: sus patrones de autorregulación, empatía y comunicación
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