Gestión integrada de la cadena de valor del azúcar: un enfoque sostenible para la agroindustria
cubana
Gianny David Quesada Martínez
Darian Samá Muñoz
Yasniel Sanchez Suarez
Cira Lidia Isacc Godínez
Volumen: 18
Recepción: 26/06/2026
Número: 4
Trimestre: octubre-diciembre
Aprobado: 28/09/2026
Año: 2026
Artículo de revisión
constituyó un enfoque esencial para enfrentar las limitaciones de la agroindustria
cubana, y los instrumentos metodológicos propuestos ofrecieron una base sólida para el
diagnóstico integral, promoviendo la sostenibilidad económica, social y ambiental del
sector.
Palabras clave: Agroindustria azucarera, cadena de valor, gestión estratégica,
competitividad, sostenibilidad.
Abstract
The Cuban sugarcane agroindustry underwent a transformation process aimed at
increasing efficiency and competitiveness, although structural limitations persisted that
affected actor articulation, logistics, and knowledge management. The objective of this
study was to establish the theoretical and methodological foundations of strategic
management of the sugarcane value chain and to identify relevant instruments for its
diagnosis. An exploratory-descriptive study was carried out through documentary
analysis of more than 2,500 scientific articles, complemented by semi-structured
interviews and participatory techniques, in which six essential dimensions were
examined: supply, productive capacity, markets, governance, financing, and institutional
environment. The results showed scarce scientific production specifically focused on
sugarcane value chains and confirmed the need to apply diagnostic tools such as value
stream mapping, SWOT analysis, benchmarking, and the UNIDO methodology, which
allowed the identification of bottlenecks, organizational weaknesses, and opportunities
for improvement. It was evidenced that integrated strategic management favored
articulation among the different actors of the chain, strengthened knowledge and
resource linkages, and contributed to improving the competitiveness and sustainability of
the sector. In conclusion, strategic management of the sugarcane value chain proved to
be an essential approach to address the limitations of the Cuban agroindustry, and the
proposed methodological instruments provided a solid basis for comprehensive
diagnosis, promoting economic, social, and environmental sustainability of the sector.
Key words: Sugarcane agroindustry, value chain, strategic management,
competitiveness, sustainability.
Introducción
La agroindustria de la caña de azúcar constituye uno de los sectores estratégicos de la
economía cubana y ha desempeñado históricamente un papel relevante en el desarrollo
productivo y social del país. En el escenario contemporáneo, caracterizado por
transformaciones estructurales y organizativas, se reconoce la necesidad de adoptar
enfoques de gestión que incrementen la eficiencia, la competitividad y la sostenibilidad
del sector. La cadena de valor del azúcar de caña se concibe como un sistema
complejo que integra actividades agrícolas, industriales, logísticas y comerciales, en el
cual la articulación de actores resulta determinante para generar valor económico y
social. Sin embargo, persisten problemáticas relacionadas con la desarticulación entre
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